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Network equipment is used to split, switch, boost, or direct packets of information along a network. Products include hubs, switches, routers, repeaters, bridges, gateways, multiplexers, transceivers, and firewalls. Hubs provide a central location for attaching wires to workstations. Passive hubs do not amplify signals. Active hubs serve to extend the cables that connect to workstations. Switches connect network devices to host computers and allow a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. Routers are protocol-dependent network equipment that connects subnetworks. Repeaters are 802.3 network cable segments which use regeneration and retiming to ensure that a signal is transmitted clearly through all segments. Bridges interconnect local or remote networks and operate at the physical and link layers of the open systems interconnection (OSI) reference model. Gateways interface networks with incompatible communications protocols and operate through the session layer. Multiplexers are telecommunications devices that funnel multiple signals onto a single channel. Transceivers (transmitters-receivers) are devices that both transmit and receive analog or digital signals. Firewalls are a system or group of systems that, for purposes of security, enforce an access control policy between an organization's network and the Internet.

Network equipment uses network protocols to specify the software attributes of data communications, including the structure of packets. Choices include: asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), attached resource computer network (ARCNET), controller area network bus (CANbus), control network (ControlNet), DeviceNet, fibre channel, fiber distributed data interface (FDDI), frame relay, integrated services digital network (ISDN), synchronous optical network (SONET), token ring, and xDSL. Ethernet is a popular protocol that uses a bus or star typology. Types include: 10Base-T or twisted pair Ethernet, 10Base-2 or thinnet, 10/100 Ethernet, 100Base-T or Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet. Choices for voice over IP (VoIP) protocol are H.323, media gateway control protocol (MGCP), remote voice protocol over IP (RVP), session announcement protocol (SAPv2), simple gateway control protocol (SGCP), session initiation protocol (SIP), and skinny client control protocol (SCCP). Network equipment also uses proprietary protocols such as include AppleTalk^® (Apple Computer), InfiniBand^® (InfiniBand Trade Association), INTERBUS^® (Phoenix Contact GmbH & Co.), and PROFIBU^® (PROFIBUS International).

Network equipment is often defined by protocol (Ethernet switch) or port type (USB hub). T1 and E1 are dedicated phone connections that have 24 and 32 channels, respectively. Fractional T1 (FT1) and fractional E1 (FE1) use some, but not all of the channels in the line. Both T3 lines and E3 lines have 672 channels, each of which supports 64 Kbps. ISDN networks can use either ISDN BRI S/T or ISDN BRI U. Serial port or asynchronous serial interfaces are system-to-system communication interfaces such as RS232, RS422, and RS485. Other standards for network equipment include attachment unit interface (AUI), Bayonet Neil-Concelman (BNC), IEEE 1394 or FireWire^® (Apple Computer), Gigabit interface converter (GBIC), Medium interface connectors (MIC), RJ-45, SC, and straight tip (ST).

Selecting network equipment requires an analysis of parameters such as area network type, form factor, memory, performance, and features. There are three choices for network type: local area network (LAN), metro area network (MAN), and wide area network (WAN). Form factor choices include chip, board and module. Memory specifications include both random access memory (RAM) and Flash memory. Data rate, operating temperature, and number of concurrent connections are additional specifications to consider. In terms of features, some products are stackable, rack-mounted, hardened, or suitable for virtual private networks (VPN). Others have an alarm or indicator, provide IP addressing, and have an integral firewall for security. Network equipment should meet the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive from the European Union (EU). Full-duplex products can transmit data in both directions.

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Products & Services Related to Network Equipment

Network Firewalls

Network firewalls are systems that enforce access control policy between an organization's network and the Internet for security purposes.

Network Gateways

Network gateways interconnect networks with different, incompatible communication protocols.

Network Hubs

Network hubs serve as the central location for attaching wires to workstations.

Network Repeaters

Network repeaters regenerate incoming electrical, wireless or optical signals to preserve signal integrity and extend the distance over which data can travel. They are often used to connect cable segments in IEEE 802.3 networks.

Network Routers

Network routers are protocol-dependent devices that connect subnetworks. They are also used to break down a large network into smaller subnetworks.

Network Switches

Network switches route packets between ports at the OSI layer 2, which means that (in Ethernet) the switches decide where incoming packets are transferred to, based on the NIC's 48-bit address.

VoIP and IP Telephony

VoIP and IP telephony allows PC users to make phone calls over the Internet or other packet networks via gateways and standard telephones.

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Engineering Web: Network Equipment

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Part Numbers for Network Equipment

Part #	Distributor	Manufacturer	Product Category	Description
NETWORKING EQUIPMENT	netCOMPONENTS	Not Provided	Not Provided	Not Provided
NETWORKING EQUIPMENT	netCOMPONENTS	Not Provided	Not Provided	Not Provided
NETWORKING EQUIPMENT P55	netCOMPONENTS	Not Provided	Not Provided	Not Provided
NETWORKING EQUIPMENT P55	netCOMPONENTS	Not Provided	Not Provided	Not Provided
30M7376	Newark	Mge Ups Systems	All Supplier Direct Ship	Network Management Card; For Use With:Central Ups Systems That Protect A Complete Network Or For Ups Systems Providing Back-Up For Critical Equipment

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